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There are two broad classes of empirical theories of consciousness, which I will call the biological and the functional. The biological approach is based on empirical correlations between experience a...
主体的真相——福柯与主体哲学
真相，福柯，主体哲学，笛卡尔
2010/10/13
自从笛卡尔确立近代哲学主体起，近现代西方哲学基本上都是围绕着主体问题展开和演进。20世纪的现象学和存在主义、精神分析学、结构主义、后现代主义等都尝试从不同角度重新思考主体问题。在主体问题上，福柯既批判现象学和存在主义，又并不认同结构主义和后现代主义。福柯毕生只关注一个问题：主体如何在科学知识、强制实践和主体化这三个层面进入真相游戏之中。无论是“知识”问题，还是“权力”问题抑或“知识—权力”问题，都...
A claim to objectivity about value is sometimes cast as a claim about the value something has in itself, independent of its relations to other things. Goodness is supposed to be“separate from”relation...
Silence can sometimes be eloquent. Conversations consist not only in what is said but what is not said—the cold silence, the disapproving silence, the appreciative silence, the reverent silence, the b...
The Phenomenological Mind: An Introduction to Philosophy of Mind and Cognitive Science
phenomenology，Philosophy of Mind，Cognitive Science
2010/10/13
The Phenomenological Mind is part of a recent initiative to show that phenomenology contributes something important to cognitive science. (For other examples, see the References section.) Phenomenolog...
Dan Marshall and Josh Parsons note, correctly, that the property of being either a cube or accompanied by a cube is incorrectly classified as intrinsic under the definition we have given unless it t...
自由与责任的深层悖论——浅析萨特“存在主义的人道主义”概念
萨特，存在主义，人道主义，概念
2010/10/13
《存在主义是一种人道主义》这篇著名的讲演辞或许是萨特作为一位存在主义哲学家最受人关注的文本之一。然而，对于这篇20世纪40年代发表的演讲中的思想，人们最为津津乐道的却只是1943年出版的《存在与虚无》导言部分就已经阐述的那一部分，也是胡塞尔与海德格尔一贯坚持的思想：existence(存在或实存)是essence(本质，或存在的“如何”存在)的前提与出发点，亦即存在先于本质。
Is a belief that one will succeed necessary for an intention? It is argued that the question has traditionally been badly posed, framed as it is in terms of all-out belief. We need instead to ask abou...
Most recent accounts of will-power have tried to explain it as reducible to the operation of beliefs and desires. In opposition to such accounts, this paper argues for a distinct faculty of will-power...
Determinism, Self-Efficacy, and the Phenomenology of Free Will
Determinism，Self-Efficacy，the Phenomenology of Free Will
2010/10/12
Most of us,certainly most of us working in universities, like to think that the spread of knowledge will be beneficial.Diffuse knowledge, goes this pleasingly democratic line, and people will be be...
Self-Control in the Modern Provocation Defence
Self-Control，the Modern Provocation Defence，Richard Holton
2010/10/12
Most recent discussion of the provocation defence has focused on the objective test, and little attention has been paid to the subjective test. However, the subjective test provides a substantial cons...
This is a survey of David Lewis's influential writings in the philosophy of language, published as part of a special issue of Mind and Language following his untimely death.
Should particularists about ethics claim that moral principles are never true? Or should they rather claim that any finite set of principles will not be sufficient to capture ethics? This paper explor...
The Act of Choice
Choice，free will，action
2010/10/12
Choice is one of the central elements in the experience of free will, but it has not received a good account from either compatibilists or libertarians. This paper develops an account of choice based ...
Freedom, Coercion and Discursive Control
moral，political philosophy，Freedom，Discursive Control
2010/10/12
If moral and political philosophy is to be of any use, it had better be concerned with real people.The focus need not be exclusively on people as they are; but it should surely not extend beyond how ...